Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects ethnic minorities. Nonwhite populations have greater susceptibility to the disease, and Hispanic and African American patients often have poorer outcomes than their white counterparts, leading to increased healthcare utilization costs (eg, more hospitalizations). The elderly are also more vulnerable to diabetes-related risks. Disparities in type 2 diabetes arise from various genetic, cultural, and socioeconomic differences, but can be successfully overcome by approaches that put the patient at the center of the management effort. Treatments should be selected based on the individual patient’s profile and risk of adverse events and complications, with consideration of the costs of these sequelae as well as the cost of medications. Medical comorbidities such as obesity, hypertension, renal disease, and cardiovascular disease should also be considered. Diabetologists and diabetes educators provide guidance in their communities to both patients and other healthcare providers. This leadership role requires mastery of the benefits and limitations of the many different antihyperglycemic therapies for patients with various comorbid conditions. In addition, awareness of approaches that have improved outcomes in underserved populations is vital to improving the overall well-being of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Upon proper completion of this activity, participants should be better able to:

• Explain the consequences of inadequate diabetes management across diverse patient populations.
• Differentiate among the 2 types of incretin-based therapies and SGLT2 inhibitors.
• Describe the extraglycemic effects of incretin-based therapies and SGLT2 inhibitors.

The educational design of this activity addresses the needs of physicians specializing in endocrinology, internal medicine, cardiology, and family practice, as well as allied healthcare practitioners.  This activity will also be of benefit to other HCPs interested in the management of patients with diabetes.

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Physician Accreditation Statement

Global Education Group is approved as a provider of nurse practitioner continuing education by the American Association of Nurse Practitioners: AANP Provider Number 1101021. This program has been approved for 2.0 contact hours of continuing education (which includes 1.0 hours of pharmacology).